Understanding Alpha and Beta

Visualizing Type I and Type II Error Probabilities

This plot visualizes the distributions of two hypothetical populations (Distribution 1 and Distribution 2). The red area highlights the Error I region, where we reject the null hypothesis even though it's true (false positive). The blue area represents Error II, where we fail to reject a false null hypothesis (false negative). The green dashed line marks the p-value (0.05) which is the probability of obtaining the observed results or more extreme values, assuming the null hypothesis is true."